Africa has been the dumping ground of used electronic goods by developed countries since 2006.
It has outstripped Europe in terms of volume in electronic wastes it generates within five years according to experts.
“One study suggests Africa will generate more e-waste than Europe by 2017,” Katharina Kummer Peiry, Executive Secretary of the Basel Convention on hazardous waste, told reporters.
The two major contributing factors are population growth and increased availability of mobile phones, computers and accessories, the experts said on the sidelines of the Pan-African Forum on E-Waste at the UN environment agency in Nairobi.
Africa, which has traditionally been confronted by thousands of tonnes of electronic waste shipped from Europe for disposal, often under dangerous conditions, is increasingly dealing with the e-waste generated locally.
Kenya for example exonerated information and communication technology (ICT) equipment from import duties in 2008, in an attempt to boost access. Zambia followed suit last year.
Africa, where most recycling is informal, “needs to move towards more formal recycling in order to ensure precious metals are properly extracted from say, mobile phones,” Kummer Peiry said.
Achim Steiner, the head of the UN environment agency UNEP, that is hosting the three-day forum, said a seeming problem can be turned into an opportunity if the right recycling measures are put in place.
“From one tonne of cellphones, minus the batteries, you can extract 3.5 kilos of silver, 340 grammes of gold, 140 grammes of palladium and 130 kilos of copper,” he told reporters, adding that the cost of smelting recycled metals is “three or four times less energy intensive than smelting virgin ores.
But that sort of recycling will only happen if Africa is given access to the necessary technologies, Steiner warned.
“The use of electric and electronic devices, is still low in Africa compared to other regions of the world but it is growing at a staggering pace,” said a report launched last month summarizing findings from the E-waste Africa Program of the Basel Convention.
The convention, which regulates the trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal, was adopted in 1989 and took effect three years later.
In Africa “in the last decade, the penetration rate of personal computers has increased by a factor of 10, while the number of mobile phone subscribers has increased by a factor of 100,” the report said.
